Cuban Revolution: Urban Guerrilla vs Rural Insurgency (1956)
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After the failed Moncada attack, Castro chose Che Guevara's rural foco strategy over urban guerrilla warfare. Small bands in the Sierra Maestra mountains gradually grew while the urban underground provided support.
Rural Insurgency (Foco Theory)
1956-1959
year
Small guerrilla bands in mountains, win peasant support
strategy
Che Guevara
key theorist
Chosen — Batista fled, Castro took power January 1959
outcome
Urban Guerrilla Warfare
1956
year
Strikes, sabotage, and cells in cities
strategy
Various urban resistance movements
key theorist
Played supporting role — not primary strategy
outcome
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